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Statutory Scaffolding13 TITLES
35 U.S.C. § 101Patent Act of 1952 (1952)

Inventions Patentable: Subject Matter Eligibility

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Full Statutory File
SYSTEMIC ARCHITECTURE:Prevents private monopolization of basic mathematical truths, algorithms, and laws of physics that future innovators require as foundational tools.
Four Statutory CategoriesProcess, Machine, Manufacture, Composition

“Any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter.”

Judicial Interpretation: Interpreted broadly by Diamond v. Chakrabarty ('anything under the sun made by man') but bounded by judicial exceptions.

Judicial ExceptionsAbstract Ideas, Laws of Nature, Natural Phenomena

“Implicit unpatentability of fundamental scientific and mathematical building blocks.”

Judicial Interpretation: Structured into the Alice/Mayo two-step framework for software and algorithmic patent scrutiny.

Real-World Impact & Dignity Ledger
Empirical Jurisprudence

Evaluated against the 3D Dignity Index (Formal Protection Δ, Material Access, Risk Redistribution). Tracks empirical implementation data and frontline community impact for this statutory regime.